After graduation from medical school in the UK I worked clinically in hospitals and general practice for several years before training in Public Health. Sub-specialty areas of interest and experience within PH have included, firstly health improvement and disease prevention, and secondly service improvement using epidemiology/needs assessment and evidence based medicine to develop clinical policies and development plans. Extensively involved in training and for many years lecturing as an Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer at the University of Edinburgh. Published on a variety of subjects including the management of head injuries, appraisal of waiting lists, prevention of cardiovascular disease, cataract extraction, mental health and most recently informed consent practices.