Alprazolam was first approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1981 and has since become one of the most commonly prescribed medications in the United States. It is available in immediate-release and extended-release forms, with the immediate-release being the most commonly prescribed for anxiety disorders.

One of the reasons for the popularity of alprazolam is its fast-acting nature. It is quickly absorbed into the bloodstream, reaching peak levels within one to two hours. This makes it an effective option for those who experience sudden and intense anxiety or panic attacks. It can also be used for short-term relief of anxiety symptoms, as the effects typically last for about six to eight hours.

However, the fast-acting nature of alprazolam also makes it a potential target for abuse and addiction. The drug has a high potential for dependence, and prolonged use can lead to tolerance, meaning that higher doses are needed to achieve the same effect. This can quickly result in a cycle of increased use and potential addiction.