Professor Golanov graduated from Moscow’s Second Medical Institute. He was among the first Russian practitioners to introduce the technology of stereotactic radiosurgery, including Gamma Knife. He is an experienced neurosurgeon and for years has been involved in the treatment of glial tumors and using of stereotactic method in the treatment of oncological and functional diseases of the nervous system.

Professor Golonov received a second specialization as a radiation oncologist in 2004 and subsequently became the chief of the Department of Stereotactic Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery of the Burdenko Neurosurgery Research Institute, Moscow.

He has worked in hospitals in Western Europe and USA, and was awarded a special fellowship by the European Society of Neurosurgeons. In 2011, the Department and personally Professor Golanov became the first Russian winners of awards for Radiation Oncology "In vita veritas".

He is active member of many international clinical and research societies, such as WFSFN. EASFN, ISRS, RSS, AANS, WANS, ASTRO, ESTRO and others.