Abstract

Introduction:

As healthcare professionals, promoting the health of patients includes not only disease treatment but also injury prevention, especially in primary care. Accidents and injuries are one area where prevention can make a difference. Common injury prevention strategies, such as the use of helmets and seatbelts, are discussed routinely at clinic visits. Unfortunately, the same does not always apply to firearm injury prevention. Accidental shootings are injuries in the household that are easily preventable if recognized early. Here, we offer a comprehensive guide for physicians on how to initiate a discussion on gun safety and highlight a patient education handout that has been implemented in clinical settings.

 

Approaching the Patient:

Be aware that firearm safety can be a sensitive issue that is associated with past trauma or mental health. As with any open discussion, initiate the discussion with a judgement-free approach and ask permission before beginning. Assure the patient that physicians respect their right to own a firearm, and that this is not a political issue. Let the patient know that this is a part of a discussion with all patients. Analogize to other safety topics: seatbelts, helmets, pool safety, etc. If patients show resistance or discomfort, let them know that as always, they are free to not to have the discussion. Avoid using complex medical jargon. Use visual supplements such as graphics and images. Understand the purpose of owning a firearm (e.g.. hunting, self defense, etc.).  Identify any risk factors : living with elderly, children, individuals with a history of depression in the house. Tailor advice for the patient based on identified needs. Provide further resources as applicable.

 

Categories to Discuss:

Is it Locked?

Is it Loaded?

Has the owner Learned firearm safety?

Anyone feeling Low?

Are there Little ones?

 

Closing the Conversation:

Check for understanding and any unanswered questions. Assure the patient that you are available for further questions, and are there for support. Provide the patient with helpful resources for reference. Patients can refer to internet resources on their own time.  Handouts allow for easy access and review at home. Try to briefly explain any resources rather than simply giving them to the patient. Tangible resources include access to gun locks, safes, or ammo locks. You can provide the patient with the names of stores and of local organizations that might provide such items for free or discounted. The names of organizations and stores will vary depending on your geographical location. Informational resources include specific handouts or websites that are directed to certain populations or issues.