Cureus | Detection of γ-H2AX, a Biomarker for DNA Double-strand Breaks, in Urinary Bladders of -Butyl--(4-Hydroxybutyl)-Nitrosamine-Treated Rats
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Research Article

Detection of γ-H2AX, a Biomarker for DNA Double-strand Breaks, in Urinary Bladders of -Butyl--(4-Hydroxybutyl)-Nitrosamine-Treated Rats

Takeshi Toyoda, Jun-ichi Akagi, Young-Man Cho, Yasuko Mizuta, Saeko Onami, Isamu Suzuki, Kumiko Ogawa

Published: July 10, 2013

DOI: 10.1293/tox.26.215

License: ©2013 The Japanese Society of Toxicologic Pathology2013This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd) License.

Abstract

To evaluate the potential role of DNA repair in bladder carcinogenesis, we performed an immunohistochemical analysis of expression of various DNA repair enzymes and γ-H2AX, a high-sensitivity marker of DNA double-strand breaks, in the urothelium of male F344 rats treated with N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine (BBN), a bladder-specific carcinogen. Our results clearly demonstrated that γ-H2AX aggregation was specifically generated in nuclei of bladder epithelial cells of BBN-treated rats, which was not found in untreated controls or mesenchymal cells. γ-H2AX-positive cells were detected not only in hyperplastic and neoplastic areas but also in the normal-like urothelium after BBN treatment. These data indicate that γ-H2AX has potential as a useful biomarker for early detection of genotoxicity in the rat urinary bladder. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating expression of γ-H2AX during bladder carcinogenesis.


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Scholarly Impact Quotient™ (SIQ™) is our unique post-publication peer review rating process. SIQ™ assesses article importance and quality by embracing the collective intelligence of the Cureus community-at-large. All registered users are invited to contribute to the SIQ™ of any published article. (Authors cannot rate their own articles.)

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